See chaufe on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"koufen",
"koufen#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"koufōn",
"koufon#Old_High_German"
],
[
"*kaupōn",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kaupōn"
],
[
"kaufen",
"kaufen#German"
],
[
"kaufn",
"kaufn#Bavarian"
],
[
"kopen",
"kopen#Dutch"
],
[
"ċēapian",
"ceapian#Old_English"
],
[
"cheap",
"cheap#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "la",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "koufen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German koufen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "goh",
"3": "koufōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German koufōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kaupōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaupōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kaufen"
},
"expansion": "German kaufen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "kaufn"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian kaufn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kopen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kopen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċēapian"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċēapian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cheap"
},
"expansion": "English cheap",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German koufen, from Old High German koufōn, from Proto-West Germanic *kaupōn. Cognate with German kaufen, Bavarian kaufn, Dutch kopen, Old English ċēapian, English cheap.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chauft",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gchauft",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gchauft",
"ipa": "/ˈk͡xæu̯ft/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "chauf",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯f/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufsch",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fʃ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chauft",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯ft/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufed",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fəd̥/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chauf",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯f/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufed",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fəd̥/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gchauft",
"ipa": "/ˈk͡xɔu̯ft/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "chauf",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯f/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufsch",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fʃ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chauft",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯ft/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufet",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fət/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chauf",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯f/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufet",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fət/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chauffe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chauffä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chauffa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chouffe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chouffä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "choufe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "choufä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kauffe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kauffä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaufe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaufä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaufa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chauft",
"2": "gchauft"
},
"expansion": "chaufe (third-person singular simple present chauft, past participle gchauft)",
"name": "gsw-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "verchaufe"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Alemannic German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to buy"
],
"id": "en-chaufe-gsw-verb-fi7Tk9Ul",
"links": [
[
"buy",
"buy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fə/",
"tags": [
"Zurich"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fə/",
"tags": [
"Bern"
]
}
],
"word": "chaufe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "chaufe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chaufen"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of chaufen"
],
"id": "en-chaufe-enm-verb-rPu20S61",
"links": [
[
"chaufen",
"chaufen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chaufe"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"koufen",
"koufen#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"koufōn",
"koufon#Old_High_German"
],
[
"*kaupōn",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kaupōn"
],
[
"kaufen",
"kaufen#German"
],
[
"kaufn",
"kaufn#Bavarian"
],
[
"kopen",
"kopen#Dutch"
],
[
"ċēapian",
"ceapian#Old_English"
],
[
"cheap",
"cheap#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "la",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "koufen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German koufen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "goh",
"3": "koufōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German koufōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kaupōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaupōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kaufen"
},
"expansion": "German kaufen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "kaufn"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian kaufn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kopen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kopen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċēapian"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċēapian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cheap"
},
"expansion": "English cheap",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German koufen, from Old High German koufōn, from Proto-West Germanic *kaupōn. Cognate with German kaufen, Bavarian kaufn, Dutch kopen, Old English ċēapian, English cheap.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chauft",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gchauft",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gchauft",
"ipa": "/ˈk͡xæu̯ft/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "chauf",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯f/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufsch",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fʃ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chauft",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯ft/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufed",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fəd̥/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chauf",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯f/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufed",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fəd̥/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gchauft",
"ipa": "/ˈk͡xɔu̯ft/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "haa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "chauf",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯f/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufsch",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fʃ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chauft",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯ft/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufe",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fə/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufet",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fət/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chauf",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯f/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufet",
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fət/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chauffe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chauffä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chauffa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chaufa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chouffe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "chouffä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "choufe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "choufä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kauffe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kauffä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaufe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaufä",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaufa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chauft",
"2": "gchauft"
},
"expansion": "chaufe (third-person singular simple present chauft, past participle gchauft)",
"name": "gsw-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "verchaufe"
}
],
"categories": [
"Alemannic German entries with incorrect language header",
"Alemannic German lemmas",
"Alemannic German terms derived from Latin",
"Alemannic German terms derived from Middle High German",
"Alemannic German terms derived from Old High German",
"Alemannic German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Alemannic German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Alemannic German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Alemannic German terms inherited from Old High German",
"Alemannic German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Alemannic German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Alemannic German verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to buy"
],
"links": [
[
"buy",
"buy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊æu̯fə/",
"tags": [
"Zurich"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣ̊ɔu̯fə/",
"tags": [
"Bern"
]
}
],
"word": "chaufe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "chaufe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chaufen"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English variant lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of chaufen"
],
"links": [
[
"chaufen",
"chaufen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chaufe"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chaufe meaning in All languages combined (7.1kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": "started on line 170, detected on line 170"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'i(ch)'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: chaufe/Alemannic German 'du' base_tags={'second-person', 'singular', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'er/si/es'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'mir'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'ihr'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'si'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'i(g)'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: chaufe/Alemannic German 'du' base_tags={'second-person', 'singular', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'är/si/es'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'mir'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'dir'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'si'",
"path": [
"chaufe"
],
"section": "Alemannic German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "chaufe",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.